Interjections, particles
Greetings
Greetings like Good day! have a similar structure in LdP:
Good morning! — Hao sabah!
Good day! — Hao dey!
Good evening! — Hao aksham!
Good night! — Hao nocha!
Any major greetings from major languages are also acceptable:
Namastee! Salam! Marhaba! Heloo! Ola! Hay! Nihao! Chao! Sdrastvuy(te)! Sdraste! Privet! Haloo! Salve! Salut! Salud!
Many of these greetings are also used to say goodbye.
Adyoo
Goodbye! Adieu!
shwo adyoo — to say goodbye
Aa!
An exclamation of understanding, recognition:
Aa, es yu! — Ah, it's you!
Aa, me samaji. — Oh, I see.
Written with two letters for distinction from the conjunction "a" (but pronounced the same way).
Afsos!
Alas!
Ah!
Ah!
Ahaa!
Aha!
Ay!
Ouch!
Ba
Imperative particle:
Go ba dar! — Go there!
Kan ba se! — Take a look at this!
Nu go ba! — Let's go!
Ta lai ba! — Let him come!
Danke
Thank you.
Den
Accusative particle, used in the case of inverted word order:
Me chi yabla. — I am eating an apple.
Kwo yu chi? — What are you eating?
Den yabla me chi! — The apple I am eating!
Hay
May, let (wish; leave):
Hay olo bi hao! — May everything be good!
Hay forsa bi kun yu! — May the force be with you!
Hay oni shwo kwo oni yao. — Let them say what they like.
Hey!
Hey! (calling for another's attention)
Hi
An emphatic particle, emphasizing the previous word; it is pronounced with a certain stress:
Me hi zwo-te se. — It's me who did it.
Ela ve go dar hi. — It's there that she will go.
Hm
Hm, ahem.
Huraa!
Hurrah!
Fuy
-
fie, faugh
-
a prefix of distaste, disgust:
fuy-jen — a nasty, repulsive person
Kamon!
Come on!
Ku
An interrogative particle at the end of a sentence or directly after the word to which it relates:
Yu lai ku? — Will you come?
Faula ku es dar dalem, avion ku? — Is it a bird there far away, is it a plane?
Me lai, hao ku? — I shall come, OK?
Me darfi zin ku? — May I come in?
Laik
Marker of improvised image-bearing words including onomatopoeic:
Oli bakak salti inu akwa laik plah-plah-plah. — All the frogs jumped in the water with plops.
In avion me sempre sta laik muak-muak. — In a plane I always feel sick.
(The improvised word muak-muak is derived from the verb muaki).
Magari
I wish, if only:
Magari ta lai! — If only he would come!
Non
No:
Non, me bu go. — No, I am not going.
Ob
-
An interrogative particle at the beginning of a sentence
-
whether, if:
Ob ta lai? — Will he/she come?
Me bu jan ob ta lai. — I don't know whether he/she will come.
Kan, ob lu he lai. — Take a look if he has come.
Oo
- Oh (an exclamation expressive of surprise, pain, pleasure, etc.):
Oo es ya jamile! — Oh, how beautiful!
Oo ya! — Oh yes!
- O (marks address):
Hay fortuna go kun yu, oo Shefa de wulfas! — Good luck go with you, o Chief of the Wolves!
Written with two letters for distinction from the conjunction "o" or.
Shsh!
Hush! Sh!
Si
-
if
-
a likening particle (“sort of, similar to, something like, a kind of, as if, seemingly”)
Ta bildi un dom-si aus brancha. — He built a kind of house using branches.
Kwo lopi tra shamba? - Un maus-si. — What is running across the room? - A mouse or something.
rude-si — reddish
shi-si — about ten
Swaagat!
Welcome!
Swasti!
Good luck! May fortune favour you! Everything good to you!
Tfu!
Ptooey!
To
Optional apposition marker:
kota to kapter — cat the catcher
avion to fortesa — a plane that is also a fortress
Me to kitabnik lekti mucho. — Being a book lover, I read a lot.
Uf!
An exclamation expressing tiredness or relief, appeasement:
Uf, sey bao es grave! — Oh (gosh), this bag is heavy!
Uf, me sta fatigi-ney! — Gosh, I am tired!
Uf, pa fin me es pa dom! — Oh, at last I am at home!
Viva
Long live!
Viva unitaa de Arda! — Long live the unity of the Earth!
Walaa
Walaa nu. — Here we are.
Walaa fin. — That's all.
Wek
- Away, off:
Wek! — Get out, go away!
Ta go-te wek. — He went away.
Ta es wek. — He is away.
- Starting signal:
Un, dwa, tri, wek! — One, two, three, go!
Wel
Well (interjection):
Wel, e poy? — Well, what next?
Wel, wel... me bu jan kwo shwo. — Well, well... I don't know what to say.
Ya
-
Yes (affirmative interjection).
-
Emphatic particle, "you know", "indeed":
Lu es ya experta. — He is an expert, you know.
Yu jan ya ke me bu pri fish. — But you know that I don't like fish.
Ya munda es gro-jamile! — What a beautiful world!
Es ya gro-gao baum! — This tree is so big!
Yok
There is no, not available:
Mani yok! — I have no money! No money available.
Problema yok! — No problem!
"Yok" is placed after the object under discussion and used when its absence/unavailability is stressed.